Concrete and metal construction.



No. 736,602. PATENTED AUG. 18, 1903.

' J. KAHNL GONCRETE AND METAL CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED 1:110. 11, 1902.

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No. 736,602. PATENTBD AUG. 18,1903. .J.KAHN.

GONGRBTBAND METAL-GONSTRUGTION. APPLICATION FILED DBO. 11, 1902.

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No. 736,602. PATENTED AUG. 18, 1903.

J. KAHN. CONCRETE AND META NSTRUGTION.

APPLICATION FILED 11, 1902.

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' PATENTED AUG. 18,1903.

J. KAHN.

CONCRETE AND METAL CONSTRUCTION.

ARPLICATION FILED DEC. 11, 1902. N0 MODEL. SHEETS-SHEET 4.

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1 vezziarisekg W UNlTlED STATES Patented August 18,1903.

JULIUS KAHN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

CONCRETE AND METAL CONSTRUCTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 736,602, dated August18, 1903.

Application filed December 11, 1902. Serial 110.134.80 4. (No model.)

To a whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JULIUS KAHN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Composite Concrete andMetal Constructions, of which the following is a specification,reference being bad therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to composite concrete and metal constructions, andhas for the primary object the obtaining of a trussed construction inwhich a portion of the trussed members are formed by metal and theremaining portion by concrete or cement.

It is a further object to so construct and arrange the metallic memberswithin the body of cement that a plurality of minor members are rigidlysecured at one end to a main member, whereby the stresses developedwithin the former are directly carried into the latter.

The invention consists in the peculiar construction of metallic membersand their arrangement in relation to the body of the cement, and,further, in the construction in which the minor and main metallicmembers are formed from an integral blank or structural shape, and,further, in a peculiar construction and arrangement and combination ofparts, as more fully hereinafter described in claims.

In the drawings I have illustrated diagrammatically variousmodifications of my invention, the metallic members being shown inelevation and the outline of the body being also indicated in fulllines.

Figures 1, 2, and 3 are respectively a plan, side elevation, andcross-section of the beam employing my invention. Fig. 4 is aperspective view of a metallic strengthening member employed. Fig. 5shows the inclined bars sloping opposite from those in Fig. 2. Figs. 6,7, 10, 13, 15, 17, 19, 22, 24, 26, 29, 33, 35, 36, and 38 are elevationssimilar to Fig. 2, illustrating various modifications. Figs. 9,

11, 14, 1e, 18, 20, 2e, 25, 27, so, 34, and 37 are cross-sectionssimilar to Fig. 3 respectively through adjacent elevations. Figs. 8 and28 are perspective views of modified constructions of metallic members.Fig. 12 is a plan view of the adjacent elevation 13, and Fig.

21 is a plan of the struck-up bar in Fig. 22. Figs. 31 and 32 illustratea floor construction embodying my invention; Figs. 39 and 40, arches.Fig. 41 is an elevation showing an overhanging ledge. Fig. 42 is anelevation showing a construction in which the longitudinal members arenot embedded in the coment body, but lie adjacent thereto; and Fig. 43is a cross-section thereof.

A common feature of all the various modifications above referred to isthat a main metallic member is connected to a plurality of supplementalmetallic members and the lat ter being attached to one end to the mainmember and extending obliquely therefrom into the cementitious. body.Furthermore, in all of the arrangements shown the main memberscorrespond to the chords of a truss and the minor members to the web.The intention of the invention is to so place the metal within theconcrete that each is stressed in the manner most advantageous to itsspecial nature.

In Figs. 1 to 4 the metal is arranged to correspond to the tensionmembers in the ordinary Pratt truss. A designates the body, of concreteor other cementitious rectangular form and is adapted for use as a beam.B

is the metallic strengthening member, which is formed of a flat bar ofmetal havinga plurality of portions a thereof struck up cen -t trallyfrom the bar into an inclined position. As shown in Fig. 4, theseinclined portions a are preferably of varying size, the end members abeing of the greatest length and the middle members a being theshortest. The main member B is arranged adjacent to the lower edge ofthe body, but slightly embedded therein, and the minor members a inclineo upward oppositely upon opposite sides of the center of the beam. Theeffect of this arrangement in the completed beam is that the tensilestresses developed in the minor members a are communicated to the mainmember 5 B directly, while the compression stresses intermediate saidmembers a are resisted by the concrete through the lines shown dotted.Where main metallic members are entirely distinct from each other, (seeFig. 33,) they I00 are in the same manner-held together through theconcrete which grips the projecting web members. In Fig. 33 is shown howa metallic truss is thus completed, the concrete per-.

' the metallic strengthening members are arranged adjacent to each ofthe sides of the body. Each of these metallic members is formedfromaflat bar havingportionsbstruck up therefrom, but from the side ofthe bar instead of the center portion thereof.

In Figs. 10 and 11 metallic members are em-' ployed in which the mainmember E has riveted thereto theinclined auxiliary members F.

Figs. 12, 13, and 14 illustrate a construction in which an I-beam G hasportion H of the web thereof struck up to form the inclined auxiliarymembers.

In Figs. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and 20 are respectively arranged thechannel-beam J, a pair of angle-beams K, and a T-beam L, each of whichhave portions M struck up from the webs thereof to form the inclinedauxiliary members.

In Fig. 21 there is shown a strengthening member formed from a flat barN with the anxiliary members 0 and O alternately struck up from theopposite sides of the bar.

In Figs. 24, 25, 26, 27, 2s, 29, and 30 theauxiliary members P, Q, andRhave a hooked or headed engagement with the main. members S.

Figs. 31 and 32 show a monolithic floor and beam constructionin whichthe beams or girders T are strenghtened by the metallic members N, whilethe floor.slabs are strengthened by cord members U and inclinedauxiliary members U, attached thereto at opposite ends and inclinedupwardly.

In Figs. 33 and 34 two main metallic membersV and V are arranged,respectively,adjacent to the lower and upper edges of the body. Thesemembers have auxiliary members 0 and d struck up therefrom butoppositely inclined, so as to form, in effect, a lattice-web within thebody. 7

Although only several arrangements of webbed bars are shown here, itisunderstood that I may wish to use other methods of cutting the web-barsand bolting or riveting the same to the main members, holding, however,to the essential part of the claims, that the web members be secured tothe main members, thereby forming the part truss, which is completed inits functions by the property of the concrete.

Figs. 35 to 38 show improved constructions in which the auxiliarymembers are secured at their opposite ends to the main member.

In Figs. 39 and 40 the main member W is arched to form a compressionmember, and the auxiliary members extend from said inner member in thecementitious body at various angles.

From the description and illustration given it will be understood thatthe underlying idea in my invention consists, essentially, in providinga main metallic strengthening member with a plurality of auxiliarymembers, said auxiliary members being rigidly attached to the mainmember, so as to transmit the stresses developed therein cumulativelyinto said main member.

'What I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination with a cementitiousbody of a metallic strengthening member therefor, extendinglongitudinally thereof, and a plurality of nprightly-extending members,rigidly attached to said longitudinal metallic member, at pointsintermediate the ends of the latter and projecting obliquely therefromto form the diagonal membersonly of a part of a truss, saidlaterally-extending members being embedded in said cementitious bodywhereby the stresses are communicated from said latter longitudinallyinto said main member.

2. The combination with a cementitious body of a metallic member comrising a longitudinallyeextending bar and plurality oflaterally-inclined arms, str ic k up from said metallic'member andforming aportion of a truss of which the remaining constituents areformed by the cementitious body.

3. The combination with a cementitious bod f metallic members extendinglongitudinall and on opposite sides of said body; said ain metallicmembers being provided withinclined laterally-extending arms orauxiliary members rigidly secured thereto intermediate their ends andadapted when set in a cementitious body to form substantially a latticedcolumn, main members being united only through the adhesion of thecement.

4. A combination with acementitious body of a plurality of metallicmembers arranged to extend longitudinally adjacent to opposite sid ofthe body, each member being provid?! with obliquely-extending arms orauxilia y members corresponding to the diagonalinembers only of a truss,and rigidly secured thereto intermediate its ends, the auxiliary memberson the two main members being oppositely inclined to cross each otherand depending upon the adhesion of the ce-- or auxiliary members struckup from thesame and intermediate its eud's,t'h e auxiliary members andthe two main members being oppositely inclined to cross each other, and

for, comprising a longitudinally-extending member of structural shapehaving intermediate portions thereof struck up to form a portion of atruss of whichthe remaining constituents are formed by the cementitiousbody.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature :0

in presence of two Witnesses.

JULIUS KAHN.

Witnesses:

M. B. ODOGHERTY, A. G. ROBERTSON.

